The car battery has multiple functions. It provides the electrical charge needed to crank the engine to get it started. The battery not just provides charge to the starter, but also the ignition system, electronic fuel injection system and other electrical systems such as lights, radio, alarm etc. The battery also acts as a capacitor in the car’s electrical system, smoothing the flow of current.
Here’s a little background into how the battery works.
A car battery consists of positive and negative plates (made of lead and lead oxide), a container and electrolyte (a solution that contains 62% water and 38% sulphuric acid). This causes a chemical reaction that releases electrons, allowing them to flow through conductors to produce electricity. As the battery discharges, the acid of the electrolyte reacts with the materials of the plates, changing their surface to lead sulphate. When the battery is recharged, the chemical reaction is reversed: the lead sulphate reforms into lead dioxide and lead with the sulphate returning to the electrolyte solution restoring the electrolyte specific gravity. With the plates restored to their original condition, the process may now be repeated. (Source: Wikipedia)
It is important to invest in a good car battery for a better driving and car ownership experience.